The clinical care pathway of patients with chest pain

Abstract

Chest pain is a common general practice presentation that requires careful diagnostic assessment because of its diverse and potentially serious causes and its evaluation remains challenging. The proportion of patients presenting to the emergency department because of acute chest pain appears to be increasing. Nowadays, the essential chest pain-related issues are the missed diagnoses of acute coronary syndromes with a poor short-term prognosis and the increasing percentage of hospitalizations of low-risk cases. It is well known that hospitalization of a low-risk chest pain patient can lead to unnecessary tests and procedures, with an increasing trend of complications and burden of costs, but chest pain is never low risk and appropriate diagnosis is always mandatory. The correct diagnosis will guide the treatment strategy. The implementation of networks between hospitals (hub and spoke) with various levels of technology, provide optimal care while minimizing delays, thereby improving clinical outcomes. Cardiologists should actively collaborate with all stakeholders, particularly emergency physicians, in establishing such networks.