The Clinical and Social Economic Profile of Patients Diagnosed with COVID-19 at Likuni Mission Hospital, Malawi.

Abstract

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused devastating effects on the world since its discovery in the city of Wuhan in 2019. It has claimed millions of lives and has significantly affected the economies of the world. However, the characteristics of affected populations in poorest settings in Africa are not clearly known. Aims and Objectives: The study was undertaken to evaluate common clinical presentations of patients diagnosed with COVID-19, asses the socio-economic and demographic profiles and analyze the clinical course, and comorbidities of COVID-19 positive patients at Likuni mission hospital, central region of Malawi. Methods: This was a cross sectional study, however we looked at retrospective data from for all patients diagnosed from January 2021 to January 2022. Results: Patients were predominantly female (65%), less than 40 years, without any known comorbidity and had at least 3 symptoms before being diagnosed. The most common symptoms were fever, cough, chest pains, headache, shortness of breath, and general body weakness. A significantly higher population were from low social economic status (p<0.05). Over 95% of the population suffered minor ailment and did not need hospitalization and advanced life support. All patients that required hospitalization were above the age of 60 and the results were statistically significant (p<0.05). More than 90% of the cases were locally spread and did not have traceable positive contact. Conclusion: The diversity of clinical and epidemiological characteristic of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 across gender, socio-economic status, age group and occupation is extremely important. Our results provides an understanding of the characteristics of patients in a poor setting like Malawi and will inform policy makers at local hospitals and district levels including researchers and the ministry of health.