Abstract
Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) has been suggested to serve as an oncogene in most human cancers. The aim of our study is to present more evidence about the clinical and prognostic value of PLK1 in lung squamous cell carcinoma patients. The status of PLK1 was observed in lung adenocarcinoma, lung squamous cell carcinoma, and normal lung tissues through analyzing microarray dataset (GEO accession numbers: GSE1213 and GSE 3627). PLK1 mRNA and protein expressions were detected in lung squamous cell carcinoma and normal lung tissues by using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry. In our results, the levels of PLK1 in lung squamous cell carcinoma tissues were higher than that in lung adenocarcinoma tissues. Compared with paired adjacent normal lung tissues, the PLK1 expression was increased in lung squamous cell carcinoma tissues. Furthermore, high expression of PLK1 protein was correlated with differentiated degree, clinical stage, tumor size, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis. The univariate and multivariate analyses showed PLK1 protein high expression was an unfavorable prognostic biomarker for lung squamous cell carcinoma patients. In conclusion, high expression of PLK1 is associated with the aggressive progression and poor prognosis in lung squamous cell carcinoma patients.
Highlights
The incidence and mortality of lung cancer are the highest amongst malignant tumors worldwide [1]
Based on Kuner et al [17] microarray data (GSE3267), Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) was found overexpressed in lung squamous cell carcinoma tissues compared with lung adenocarcinoma tissues (Figure 1A)
We verified the status of PLK1 between lung squamous cell carcinoma and lung adenocarcinoma through quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), and found that the levels of PLK1 mRNA was overexpressed in lung squamous cell carcinoma tissues compared with lung adenocarcinoma tissues with an average increase of 2.65-fold (P
Summary
The incidence and mortality of lung cancer are the highest amongst malignant tumors worldwide [1]. Based on the 2015 Cancer Statistics in China, lung cancer alone is expected to account for 17% of all new cancer cases, and a total of estimated 4291600 new cancer cases occurred in 2015 [2]. Lung squamous cell carcinoma and lung adenocarcinoma are the main histological subtypes of lung cancer [4]. The survival of lung adenocarcinoma patients have had a great progress due to the development of molecular target therapy (such as EGFR-TKI and ALK inhibition) [5,6]. Lung squamous cell carcinoma still lacks effective molecular target for developing target therapy. It is necessary to explore novel biomarkers for prognosis prediction and development of molecular target therapy for lung squamous cell carcinoma patients
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