Abstract
Hyperspectral infrared sounding of the atmosphere has become a vital element in the observational system for weather forecast prediction at Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) centers worldwide and for studies of Earth's atmosphere including atmospheric composition and climate. The Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) was the first hyperspectral grating-based infrared sounder designed for this purpose and is still operational today. Technology advancements since AIRS in the areas of compact wide-field optics, infrared Focal Plane Arrays (FPAs), and high efficiency cryocoolers enable a new class of grating spectrometer IR sounders with higher spatial resolution, higher spectral resolution and fewer instrument related artifacts. The technology also enables smaller and less costly instruments as the signal collection efficiencies increase with the larger FPAs and the noise levels are reduced through cryogenic cooling of the optics and detectors. The CubeSat Infrared Atmospheric Sounder (CIRAS) instrument incorporates these advancements and has completed testing of a full scale brassboard in ambient and thermal vacuum.
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