Abstract
Currently, the SARS-CoV-2 promptly spread across China and around the world. However, there are controversies about whether preexisting chronic kidney disease (CKD) and acute kidney injury complication (AKI) are involved in the COVID-19 pandemic. Studies reported the kidney outcomes in different severity of COVID-19 were included in this study. Standardized mean differences or odds ratios were calculated by employing Review Manager meta-analysis software. Thirty-six trials were included in this systematic review with a total of 6395 COVID-19 patients. The overall effects indicated that preexisting CKD (OR = 3.28), complication of AKI (OR = 11.02), serum creatinine (SMD = 0.68), abnormal serum creatinine (OR = 4.86), blood urea nitrogen (SMD = 1.95), abnormal blood urea nitrogen (OR = 6.53), received continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) (OR = 23.63) were significantly increased in severe group than that in nonsevere group. Additionally, the complication of AKI (OR = 13.92) and blood urea nitrogen (SMD = 1.18) were remarkably elevated in the critical group than that in the severe group. CKD and AKI are susceptible to occur in patients with severe COVID-19. CRRT is applied frequently in severe COVID-19 patients than that in nonsevere COVID-19 patients. The risk of AKI is higher in the critical group than that in the severe group.
Highlights
In December, 2019, 41 hospitalized patients had been identified as having laboratory-confirmed 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)-related infection in Wuhan, Hubei, China [1]
The overall effects indicated that preexisting chronic kidney disease (CKD) (OR = 3.28), complication of acute kidney injury complication (AKI) (OR = 11.02), serum creatinine (SMD = 0.68), abnormal serum creatinine (OR = 4.86), blood urea nitrogen (SMD = 1.95), abnormal blood urea nitrogen (OR = 6.53), received continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) (OR = 23.63) were significantly increased in severe group than that in nonsevere group
CKD and AKI are susceptible to occur in patients with severe COVID-19
Summary
In December, 2019, 41 hospitalized patients had been identified as having laboratory-confirmed 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)-related infection in Wuhan, Hubei, China [1]. The single-cell RNA sequencing datasets indicated that angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) was mainly expressed in lung type II alveolar cells, colon colonocytes, ileum ECs, and proximal tubule cells [3, 4]. SARS-CoV-2 was detected in urine, blood, anal swab, and oropharyngeal swab from nine patients with COVID-19 who were retested by qRT-PCR [5]. The single-cell transcriptome analysis identified that ACE2 and transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) genes are highly coexpressed in podocytes and proximal tubule cells [6]. Peer Review History: PLOS recognizes the benefits of transparency in the peer review process; we enable the publication of all of the content of peer review and author responses alongside final, published articles.
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