The Choice of Sports Specialization On the Basis of Morphological and Functional Characteristics in The Underwater Sport

Abstract

Aim. To investigate morphological and functional characteristics of sportsmen-divers, specializing in swimming in the stayers, sprinters and subsea disciplines. Materials and methods. The study involved submariners aged from 18 to 25 years (15 boys and 15 girls). Each athlete is a member of the national team of the Krasnoyarsk territory and has a sports title not lower than the master of sports of Russia. The following methods are used: the method of evaluating anthropometric indicators, the method of evaluating morphofunctional indicators, and the method of mathematical statistics. Results. Submariners who specialize in Stayer disciplines fit the second morphofunctional type of physical development (MFTFR) (according To O. N. Moskovchenko [19]). These athletes are characterized by an athletic build, above average height and light weight. This makes it easier to overcome the surface of the water environment. Athletes-divers, specializing in the sprint and underwater subjects, is attributed to the third MPTP (for O. N. Moskovchenko [19] ). Swimmers have high indicators of length and body weight, which allows them to perform speed-power work at a high level. Conclusion. The data obtained in the course of the research can serve as an effective pedagogical tool in the training of submariners. The relationship between sports specialization and morphofunctional characteristics serves as a scientific basis for organizing the training process. The dynamics of changes in morphofunctional parameters depending on the specialization provides an opportunity to justify the choice of underwater discipline, which allows you to predict the high result of the athlete and individualize the training process. Keywords. swimmers, divers, training process, morphological and functional features, sports specialty.