The Chiropractic Vertebral Subluxation Part 6: Renaissance of D.D. Palmer’s Paradigm From 1949 to 1961

Abstract

ObjectiveThe objective of this article is to review and discuss the history of chiropractic vertebral subluxation (CVS) between the years 1949 and 1961. DiscussionChiropractic texts from this period include books from 3 of D. D. Palmer’s students, Ratledge, Drain, and B. J. Palmer, and new works by Janse, Illi, Muller, and R. J. Watkins. Theories during this period included developments from B. J. Palmer’s research clinic and his final theories. The period also included the primary theories of Ratledge on etiology of CVS and Drain’s models of spinal curves and CVS patterns. Janse supported Illi’s new models of pelvic subluxation dynamics with cadaver studies and also developed lumbar research with Fox in the 1950s. The qualitative models of Muller on the role of CVS in sympathetic and parasympathetic systems was unique. R. J. Watkins further developed his initial theories on reflex system models as well as his first models of proprioception. Instrumentation was used in many chiropractic research programs to develop additional models. ConclusionThe CVS theories during this period built on previous models but also added new and innovative theories based on research and collaboration.