Abstract
Abstract. We present the Chemistry of Atmosphere-Forest Exchange (CAFE) model, a vertically-resolved 1-D chemical transport model designed to probe the details of near-surface reactive gas exchange. CAFE integrates all key processes, including turbulent diffusion, emission, deposition and chemistry, throughout the forest canopy and mixed layer. CAFE utilizes the Master Chemical Mechanism (MCM) and is the first model of its kind to incorporate a suite of reactions for the oxidation of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, providing a more comprehensive description of the oxidative chemistry occurring within and above the forest. We use CAFE to simulate a young Ponderosa pine forest in the Sierra Nevada, CA. Utilizing meteorological constraints from the BEARPEX-2007 field campaign, we assess the sensitivity of modeled fluxes to parameterizations of diffusion, laminar sublayer resistance and radiation extinction. To characterize the general chemical environment of this forest, we also present modeled mixing ratio profiles of biogenic hydrocarbons, hydrogen oxides and reactive nitrogen. The vertical profiles of these species demonstrate a range of structures and gradients that reflect the interplay of physical and chemical processes within the forest canopy, which can influence net exchange.
Highlights
At the forest-atmosphere interface, biogenic emissions, surface deposition and anthropogenic pollutants interact with significant impacts on atmospheric composition and ecosystem function
To characterize the chemical environment in this forest, we present a brief overview of modeled near-surface mixing ratio profiles of biogenic volatile organic compound (VOC) (BVOC), hydrogen oxides (ROx) and reactive nitrogen (NOy)
We have introduced and assessed the initial performance of the Chemistry of Atmosphere-Forest Exchange (CAFE) model, a vertically-resolved 1-D chemical transport model designed to examine forest-atmosphere exchange of reactive gases, by simulating a young Ponderosa pine forest with meteorological constraints from the BEARPEX2007 field campaign
Summary
At the forest-atmosphere interface, biogenic emissions, surface deposition and anthropogenic pollutants interact with significant impacts on atmospheric composition and ecosystem function. Detailed chemical-transport models that resolve the vertical structure of processes throughout the forest canopy are powerful tools for assessing and documenting chemical contributions to the fluxes of reactive species. Several such models have been developed to explore forest-atmosphere exchange of SO2, O3, VOC and nitrogen oxides (Forkel et al, 2006; Ganzeveld et al, 2002; Gao et al, 1993, 1991; Makar et al, 1999; Meyers, 1987; Stroud et al, 2005; Walton et al, 1997; Baldocchi, 1988; Boy et al, 2010). Detailed comparisons with BEARPEX-2007 data are presented in a companion paper (Wolfe et al, 2010)
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