THE CHEMISTRY MECHANISM OF HAIR DYES

Abstract

One of the oldest and most well-known cosmetics, hair color has been used by numerous ancient cultures throughout history on both men and women. It involves treating hair with various chemical compounds for changing hair color. According to how long they remain in the hair, these products are primarily divided into two categories: temporary and permanent. This classification is consistent with the types of active substances used in the dyeing process as well as the dyeing method itself, which are referred to as non-oxidative and oxidative hair dye products, respectively. Permanent hair dyes often consist of active chemicals that are not dyed but are oxidized to provide the desired color. As a result, the phrase "oxidative hair dye" was emerged. The precursor part and coupler part are the two main ingredients in formulations for oxidative hair dyes. Quinonediimine intermediates are momentary compounds that are generated when combined with hydrogen peroxide (developer). As a result, the coupler agent and these compounds interact to form the appropriate hair dye molecule. Notably, the entire dyeing process requires both an alkaline medium and an oxidizing agent, often hydrogen peroxide, to ensure that the staining agents reach the cuticle widely. This review's objective is to provide information about hair dye formulations and mechanisms of action as well as repairing damaged hair and new applications.