Abstract
The essential requirement for an effective three-way catalyst is high conversions of NOx, CO, and hydrocarbons at and near the stoichiometrically balanced exhaust composition. In general, performance is limited by low conversions of CO and hydrocarbons as the A/F is changed in the reducing (rich) direction and decreased conversion of NO(NOx) as the A/F is changed in the oxidizing (lean) direction. The narrow range of A/F around the stoichiometric point where conversions are high is commonly referred to as the operating “window”. A wide A/F range or window of high simultaneous NOx, CO, and HC conversions is a desirable catalyst characteristic because it lessens the need for tight A/F control.
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