Abstract
The in vitro chemical micro environment can be regarded as having three main phases, the medium, the atmosphere or head space, and the plant material. This is analogous to the ex vitro environment of the soil, the air and the plant. The in vitro and ex vitro environments differ in that the former is essentially a closed system which, at least initially, can be precisely defined. Apart from varying degrees of gaseous exchange, depending on the type of culture vessel enclosure, changes in the chemical environment in vitro must be accountable in terms of a redistribution of a finite supply of ingredients. The plant itself plays a role in this redistribution. This chapter focuses primarily on the composition of the medium and its relationship to the plant.
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