The chemical constituents of Sterculia comosa (wall) Roxb woods for arginase inhibitory, antioxidant activity, and molecular docking against SARS CoV-2 protein

Rini Prastiwi,Berna Elya,Muhammad Hanafi,Rani Sauriasari,Yesi Desmiaty,Ema Dewanti,Rina Herowati

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08798

Abstract

Flavonoids and phenols have an arginase inhibitory and antioxidant activity. The Sterculia genus has phenols and flavonoids content. This study aimed to investigate the arginase inhibitory and antioxidant activity of the chemical constituent of Sterculia comosa (wall) Roxb and also their binding affinities to arginase. The most active extract was methanol extract. This active extract was determined for its arginase inhibitory and antioxidant activity, determined the total phenols and total flavonoids, and identified chemical compound. The methanol extract has IC50 2.787 μg/ml for arginase inhibitory activity and IC50 4,199 μg/ml for DPPH scavenging activity. The total phenols 723.61 mg GAE/gr, total flavonoids content 28.96 mg QE/gr extract. The chemical constituent: KC4.4.6 ((-)-2-(E)-caffeoyl-D-glyceric acid) and KC4.4.5.1 (trans-isoferulic acid) have an arginase inhibitory activity KC4.4.6: 98,03 μg/ml and KC4.4.5.1: 292,58 μg/ml. Antioxidant activity with DPPH methods KC4.4.6: 48,77 μg/ml and KC4.4.5.1: 88,08 μg/ml. Antioxidant by FRAP methods KC4.4.6: 16,4 FeEAC mol/g and KC4.4.5.1: 15,79 FeEAC mol/g. The isolate trans-isoferulic acid predicted has good interaction to arginase. Isolate KC4.4.6. Predicted has good interaction to PLPro of SARS CoV-2 PLpro. However, both isolates did not show good interaction to 3CLPro, nsp12, and Spike protein of SARS CoV-2.

Highlights

The rapid and progressive spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus pandemic caused by the coronavirus (COVID-19) has severely affected thousands of people's health, the world's health system and has had a significant impact on the global economy
Some chemical reagents determine the content of total flavonoids, total phenols and antioxidant Activity by DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method
The screening arginase activity showed that an active extract was methanol extract

Summary

Introduction

The rapid and progressive spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus pandemic caused by the coronavirus (COVID-19) has severely affected thousands of people's health, the world's health system and has had a significant impact on the global economy. Characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 with influenza are the higher transmission rates and the greater risk of death from COVID-19, mainly due to Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). The leading cause of death from COVID-19 in the elderly and those with compromised immune systems is respiratory failure. Cardiovascular complications and focus of ACE2 as a coreceptor for SARS-CoV-2 are essential in this regard. This viral infection depends on the entry of the virus through the host to replicate. Coronaviruses such as SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV-1 use the host protein angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 as a co-receptor to gain access to the lungs and brain (Cheng, 2020)

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