Abstract
The chemical and isotopic compositions of waters and associated gases in the Republic of Buryatia are investigated in this report. Results show the thermal waters are predominantly enriched in N2. They are alkaline, low salinity and have high concentrations of HCO3-, SO42-, F, Si but low values for Ca2+, Mg2+, K+. According to isotopic composition, the thermal waters are meteoric in origin. Despite the low salinity, the thermal waters are in equilibrium with calcite, magnesite, fluorite, albite, laumontite and other minerals but are not equilibrium with respect to primary aluminosilicates. This indicates that the thermal waters and water-bearing rocks represent the equilibrium-nonequilibrium system.
Highlights
Thermal waters are distributed around the world, especially within tectonically active areas, and attract the attention of many scientists
The papers are dedicated to chemical composition peculiarities and the saturation state with different minerals of the thermal waters in the Baikal rift zone in general
The isotopic composition is characterized by very low content of D and 18O that respectively ranges from -156 to 124 ‰ and from -22.1 to -17.3 ‰
Summary
Thermal waters are distributed around the world, especially within tectonically active areas, and attract the attention of many scientists. The most discussed issues in case of thermal waters include the processes and mechanism of their formation, depths of circulation, trace-element geochemistry, processes of their interaction with water-bearing rocks, thermodynamic equilibrium with different minerals, and genesis of secondary minerals. The thermal waters of the studied region were considered previously [1,2,3]. The papers are dedicated to chemical composition peculiarities and the saturation state with different minerals of the thermal waters in the Baikal rift zone in general. The updated data for the thermal waters, in the Republic of Buryatiya, is presented in the current manuscript. The manuscript is aimed at the detailed investigation of the thermal waters’ composition and equilibrium with the main minerals of water-bearing rocks for the further identification of the mechanisms and processes of their formation
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