The Charnegroes: Black Africans and the Ontological Conflict in Catalonia

Saiba Bayo

doi:10.3390/socsci10070257

Abstract

This paper frames an in depth reflection on the current social and political changes and the emerging phenomenon of body politics of migrant and racialized groups in Europe. The ongoing discussion aims to address the meaning of “being” Catalan for Black Africans in Catalonia. It is grounded on a criterion of ontological commitment and the epistemological aspect of ethnography. I dig into the debate about what makes a racial identity salient in the context of national identity rhetoric. I look thoroughly at the outcomes of the encounter between Black African migrants and the constant resignification of Catalan national identity. I aim to disentangle the racial premises and tackle what Black Africans share once the racial questions are removed. My approach stands within the growing field of postcolonial criticism to understand historical continuities and ontological conflicts. I focus on culture, race, and identity to analyze the cultural dynamics of Senegalese migrants and Equatoguinean communities within the national identity building process in Catalonia. I coined a new concept, Charnegroes, to propose a practical explanation of the emergence of body politics and the changing reality of the relationship between the “us” and the “other” under the recurrent transitions between old and new, colonial and postcolonial, the past and the future.

Highlights

From the aftermath of Spain’s integration into the European Union in 1986, an important number of Black Africans have settled in Catalonia, pushing the regional government to implement policies to integrate these newcomers into the Catalan society
The development of cultural dynamics and collective actions of Senegalese is inextricably linked to the environment and the conditions of departure
Black Africans in Catalonia give a critical place to the conservation of the culture and the histories that have been transmitted to them for generations

Summary

Introduction

I look thoroughly at the outcomes of the encounter between Black African migrants and the constant resignification of Catalan national identity. My approach stands within the growing field of postcolonial criticism to understand historical continuities and ontological conflicts. I focus on culture, race, and identity to analyze the cultural dynamics of Senegalese migrants and Equatoguinean communities within the national identity building process in Catalonia. I coined a new concept, Charnegroes, to propose a practical explanation of the emergence of body politics and the changing reality of the relationship between the “us” and the “other” under the recurrent transitions between old and new, colonial and postcolonial, the past and the future. Since the 1980s, the building of national identity in Catalonia has produced a passionate debate on cultural identity and citizenship (Conversi 1997; Ainaud 1980; Barreda 1985)

Results

Discussion

Conclusion