The characteristics of wheat collection samples created by Triticum aestivum L/Triticum spelta L hybridisation

Abstract

The aim of our research was to create, analyzes, and systematise wheat collection samples for the selection of valuable initial forms, to involve them in breeding process, and to create new productive cultivars. For this purpose the hybridisation of soft and spelt wheat was carried out, along with an evaluation of the hybrids that were obtained, between 2006 and 2018 (F5–F10). A collection of wheat samples, containing more than a thousand numbered items, was formed from the obtained diversity of samples. The economically-valuable and morphological characteristics of newly-developed materials were analysed. According to the results of our research, we selected forms of spelt, soft wheat, and speltoid samples which have high levels of productivity and high gluten and protein contents in grains. Spelt wheat sample 1817 contains 45.2% gluten, 22.3% protein, and has a yield capacity of 6.55 t ha-1 . Soft wheat sample 1689 has 32.4% gluten, 15.8% protein, and a yield capacity of 7.19 t ha-1 . These samples were submitted for state scientific and technical expert evaluation in 2018. The created varieties of European spelt wheat and Artemisia soft wheat were included in the ‘State Register of Plant Varieties Suitable for Distribution in Ukraine’. The varieties, Artaniia and Artaplot, were submitted for state scientific and technical expert evaluation.