Abstract
BackgroundIn recent years, the prevalence rate of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in Chinese young women has been increasing significantly, becoming one of the main causes of death in young females. A matter of constant concern is what is the characteristics and differences in risk factors between young women with ACS and without ACS. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics and difference of risk factors in Chinese young women with ACS and to provide references for ACS prevention and treatment.MethodsA 1:1 case-control study was conducted to evaluate risk factors of 415 young females with ACS (ACS group) who underwent PCI treatment and 415 young females without ACS (control group) who were hospitalized and confirmed by coronary angiography to exclude coronary heart disease from January 2010 to August 2016. The average age of the cases in groups was respectively (40.77 ± 4.02) and (40.57 ± 4.01) years-old (P > 0.05).ResultsThe risk factors in ACS group were overweight (64.10%), hypertension (49.88%), hyperlipidemia (40.72%), diabetes (23.37%), depression or anxiety (16.63%), gynecological diseases (16.39%), Hyperuricemia (14.94%), family history of early-onset CHD (14.94%), hyperhomocysteinemia (11.33%), hypothyroidism (9.64%), hypercholesterolemia (8.43%) and high C-reactive protein (7.47%), and were significant difference (P < 0.01) compared with that of the control group. The average number of risk factors per case in ACS group was significantly more than that of control groups (P < 0.01). Regression analysis showed that hyperlipidemia, hyperhomocysteinemia, overweight (obesity), high CRP, hypertension, hypothyroidism, gynecological diseases, depression or anxiety, cardiac insufficiency, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, oral contraceptives, family history of early-onset CHD, and autoimmune diseases were independent risk factors (P < 0.01). The bivariate correlation analysis between CRP level and age was r = − 0.158 (P < 0.01). The result showed the younger ACS patient is the higher serum CRP.ConclusionThe independent risk factors of ACS in young women are hyperlipidemia, hyperhomocysteinemia, overweight, high CRP, hypertension, hypothyroidism, gynecological diseases, depression or anxiety, cardiac insufficiency, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, oral contraceptives, family history of early-onset CHD, and autoimmune diseases. The co-existence of multiple risk factors is the main cause suffering from ACS in young women.
Highlights
In recent years, the prevalence rate of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in Chinese young women has been increasing significantly, becoming one of the main causes of death in young females
Comparative analysis of age and risk factors between the two groups The age of patients in the ACS group and in the control group was respectively (40.77 ± 4.02) years-old and (40.57 ± 4.01) years-old, and was no significant difference compared between two groups (P > 0.05)
There was no significant difference in age distribution between the two groups (P > 0.05)。The distribution strength of risk factors in ACS group was overweight (64.10%), hypertension (49.88%), hyperlipidemia (40.72%), diabetes (23.37%), depression or anxiety disorder (16.63%), gynecological diseases (16.39%), hyperuricemia (14.94%), family history of early-onset Coronary heart disease (CHD) (14.94%), high homocysteine (11.33%), low thyroid function (9.64%), high cholesterol (8.43%), high C - reactive protein (7.47%), and was significant difference compared between the two groups(P < 0.01)
Summary
The prevalence rate of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in Chinese young women has been increasing significantly, becoming one of the main causes of death in young females. A matter of constant concern is what is the characteristics and differences in risk factors between young women with ACS and without ACS. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics and difference of risk factors in Chinese young women with ACS and to provide references for ACS prevention and treatment. Epidemiological investigations have shown that acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is one of the leading causes of death in women [1]. The risk factors of CHD in young women under 44 years old have different characteristics [5]. The characteristics of risk factors in Chinese young women with ACS were reported in the article
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