The Characteristics of Intestinal Bacterial Community in Three Omnivorous Fishes and Their Interaction with Microbiota from Habitats.

Sheng Bi,Yuqin Su,Guifeng Li,Han Lai,Xuange Liu,Xiaoli Chen,Shuang Liu,Dingli Guo,Gongpei Wang,Huadong Yi

doi:10.3390/microorganisms9102125

Abstract

Artificial fishery habitats have been extensively used for fishery resource protection and water habitat restoration, and they could attract a large number of omnivorous fishes to gather together. This study intended to reveal the relationship between bacterial communities in the habitats (water and sediment) and intestines of omnivorous fishes (Oreochromis mossambicus, Toxabramis houdemeri and Hemiculter leucisculus). Therefore, we investigated the bacterial communities of samples collected from intestines, water, and sediments in artificial fishery habitats via 16S rRNA metabarcoding high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that there were significant differences in the composition, core indicators, diversity and prediction functions in water, sediments, and intestinal microbial communities of the three omnivorous fish. The microbial diversities were significantly higher in habitats than in intestines. The analysis of similarity (ANOSIM) and nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) results indicated that the intestine microbial communities (T. houdemeri and H. leucisculus) were more similar to the water microbiota, but the intestine microbial communities (O. mossambicus) were more similar to the sediments. Source tracking analysis also confirmed that the contribution of habitat characteristics to omnivorous fish intestinal microorganisms was different; the sediment had a greater contribution than water to the intestinal microbiota of O. mossambicus, which was consistent with their benthic habit. Moreover, the functional prediction results showed that there were unique core indicators and functions between the bacterial community of habitats and intestines. Altogether, these results can enhance our understanding of the bacterial composition and functions about omnivorous fish intestines and their living with habitats, which have provided new information for the ecological benefits of artificial fishery habitats from the perspective of bacterial ecology and contributed to apply artificial fishery habitats in more rivers.

Highlights

Artificial fishery habitats are constructed to mimic characteristics of the natural habitats in aquatic environments and to extend the structural complexity of aquatic organisms in systems, where natural habitats are unavailable or absent [1]
These results indicated that the contribution of communities, habitat characteristics to omnivorous fish intestinal testine microbial source tracking analysis was microorganisms implemented.isThe thr cies of fish show different characteristics (Figure 3)
The composition cluster analysis results showed that the bacterial communities of the HI and LI were clustered together, and the bacterial communities of the MI and ST were clustered together (Figure 6), these results suggested that the intestines of omnivorous fish could selectively enrich specific taxa and showed that habitats and fish interspecific characteristics will affect fish intestinal bacterial communities

Summary

Introduction

Artificial fishery habitats are constructed to mimic characteristics of the natural habitats in aquatic environments and to extend the structural complexity of aquatic organisms in systems, where natural habitats are unavailable or absent [1]. Numerous studies have been performed to elucidate the role of artificial fishery habitats for fisheries management throughout the world, including to entice fishes and increase their abundance [2,3,4,5,6], to Microorganisms 2021, 9, 2125. As such, when the artificial habitats performed these functions, they were likely to inevitably affect the microbial community within the fishes’ intestines, water, and sediments. Several recent studies have explored the effects of artificial fishery habitats on microbial diversity [16,17,18]. Studies on the relationship between bacterial communities in artificial fishery habitats and intestines of omnivorous fishes are still scarce. It is known that changes in feed composition could affect the fishes’

Objectives

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion