Abstract
To find out the genuine characteristics of Eucommia ulmoides produced in Guizhou.The habitat, functional characters and the content of medicinal components of Eucommia ulmoides in Guizhou were studied by using the method of sample survey combined with typical survey, related laboratory experiments and quantitative analysis. The results showed that the yield of Eucommia ulmoides plantation in Guizhou was divided into low altitude, low middle and high temperature rain slope latitude mixing, short sunshine hours type(A type), medium altitude, low longitude and latitude, high temperature rain, positive oblique steep slope, medium sunshine hours type (B type), middle altitude, low longitude and latitude, moderate high temperature rain, shady side and sunny side have gentle deflection steep slope, medium sunshine hours type (C type), High altitude, low longitude and latitude, low temperature moderate rain, positive gentle slope, long sunshine hours type (D type); Different types of Eucommia ulmoides plantation, Different habitat quality, B type is intensity karst rocky desertification habitat, A type is potential karst rocky desertification habitat, the C and D types are light and moderate rocky desertification areas, respectively, the species diversity of shrub layer in Eucommia ulmoides plantation was higher in D type and B type, A type and C type followed; There was no significant difference in root carbon content and leaf nitrogen content in 4 types of Eucommia ulmoides plantation, Among the four types of A, B, C, D, there were significant or extremely significant differences in other indexes of plant functional traits; Both genipinic acid and aucubin had the highest content of root bark, followed by trunk bark and lowest leaves, Chlorogenic acid is the opposite, The content of geniposide was higher in trunk bark and lower in root bark and leaves; Genipinic acid is higher in D type, Aucubin is higher in A and D type, Chlorogenic acid has higher leaves content in B type, Geniposide was the highest in trunk bark of D type; The element enrichment coefficient K and Mn leaves are the largest, the largest in trunk bark is Ca and Zn, Fe root bark is the largest; Effects of soil potassium, phosphorus, pH value and bulk weight on the functional traits of Eucommia ulmoides were significant. The contents of medicinal components in root bark, trunk bark, and leaves was influenced by species diversity of shrub layer, The contents of geniposide in root bark, aucubin in root bark and trunk bark, genipinic acid in bark and chlorogenic acid in leaves were particularly affected by soil physical and chemical indexes and metal element contents, The functional traits of Eucommia ulmoides can affect the content of medicinal components in root bark, trunk bark, and leaves, Especially on the root bark, trunk bark, and leaves in the content of aucubin content; The content of medicinal components of Eucommia ulmoides was high and stable. The above research results have important theoretical reference significance for the cultivation of Eucommia ulmoides and the cultivation of target medicinal components and the comprehensive exploitation and utilization of resources.
Highlights
Eucommia ulmoides is a mono-species genus deciduous tree unique to China, which is a rare and precious medicinal material unique to China, a new type of pharmaceutical and food resource with antihypertensive effect (Bai, 2015; Zhu and Sun. 2018)
The contents of medicinal components in root bark, trunk bark and leaves was influenced by species diversity of shrub layer, The contents of geniposide in root bark, aucubin in root bark and trunk bark, genipinic acid in bark and chlorogenic acid in leaves were affected by soil physical and chemical indexes and metal element contents, The functional traits of Eucommia ulmoides can affect the content of medicinal components in root bark, trunk bark and leaves, Especially on the root bark, trunk bark and leaves in the content of aucubin content; The content of medicinal components of Eucommia ulmoides was high and stable
Habitat quality differs between the 4 types of Eucommia ulmoides plantations, whose indexes display good correlation with the contents of genipinic acid, chlorogenic acid, geniposide and aucubin in root bark, trunk bark, and leaves
Summary
Eucommia ulmoides is a mono-species genus deciduous tree unique to China, which is a rare and precious medicinal material unique to China, a new type of pharmaceutical and food resource with antihypertensive effect (Bai, 2015; Zhu and Sun. 2018). The planting area of Eucommia ulmoides in the country is about 5 million mu, accounting for more than 99% of the total in the world. As of the end of 2013, the total area of artificial and wild Eucommia ulmoides in Guizhou Province reached 36,500 hm༒, accounting for 10.3% of the total area of Eucommia ulmoides in the country. Systematic research on the genuine medicinal material Eucommia ulmoides produced in Guizhou carries important theoretical and practical significance for the economic and social development of Guizhou and the cultivation of eucommia ulmoides in Guizhou area
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