Abstract
This paper aims to study the characteristics of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from heavy-duty trucks in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region, which is located in Northern China. The multiyear emissions of GHG (CO2, CH4 and N2O) from heavy-duty trucks fueled by diesel and natural gas during the period of 2006–2015 were compared and analyzed. The results show that the GHG emissions from heavy-duty trucks increase with time, which is consistent with the trend of the population growth. The total amount of carbon dioxide equivalence (CO2e) emissions in the BTH region was about 5.12 × 106 t in 2015. Among the three sub-regions, Hebei possesses the largest number of heavy-duty trucks due to the size of its heavy-duty industries. As a consequence, the GHG emissions are about 10 times compared to Beijing and Tianjin. Tractor trailers account for the major proportion of heavy-duty trucks and hence contribute to about 74% of GHG emissions. Diesel- and liquefied natural gas (LNG)-powered heavy-duty trucks can reduce GHG emissions more effectively under current national standard IV than can the previous standard. The widespread utilization of the alternative fuel of LNG to mitigate emissions must be accompanied with engine technology development in China. This study has provided new insight on management methods and the policy-making as regards trucks in terms of environmental demand.
Highlights
Worldwide population growth and industrialization have resulted in increasing demand for energy
The greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions were calculated based on the population of heavy-duty trucks using different fuels, different GHG emission factors, and the average annual mileage traveled in different areas, according to the following formula [29]: EQm,n =
∑ ∑( Pm,i × Mj × EFi,n ) × 10−6 i j where m represents the three areas (Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei); n represents the pollutants considered in this study (CH4, CO2, and N2 O); i represents the type of fuels, including natural gas and diesel, and j represents the types of heavy-duty trucks, which include tractor trailers, pickup trucks, special trucks, and dump trucks
Summary
Worldwide population growth and industrialization have resulted in increasing demand for energy. In an effort to improve the environmental quality, the 21st session of the United Nations (UN) Climate Change Conference was held in Paris from 30 November to 11 December of 2015 [5,6]. During this session, the participating countries made an agreement on carbon emission reduction. The population of motor vehicles in China has been expanding since the 1990s, from 5.5 million in 1990 to 264 million in 2014 [7] This increase has posed substantial challenges to air quality, energy security, and public health [8,9]. In order to minimize the impact of emissions from the transportation sector, consumers and manufacturers are seeking viable low-carbon
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