THE CHARACTERISTIC OF PREVALENCE OF RISK FACTORS OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES AMONG THE POPULATION OF THE NOVGOROD AREA

Abstract

To study clinical and epidemiological aspects of prevalence risk factors of cardiovascular diseases among the population of the Novgorod Region. It is 1% one-time sample survey which allows to obtain reliable estimates of health numerical parameters (eg, true incidence, the specific characteristics of identified diseases) among the population of a region, which acts as the total population, while studyiing only a part (sample). The results of the sample study were extrapolated to the general population to obtain the minimum and maximum values. Odds Ratio method was used as evidence-based healthcare method. During mathematical analysis the following methods were used: descriptive statistics; univariate and multivariate dispersion analysis; correlation and regression analysis based on the matrix method and multivariate analysis with a selection of regression equation model (in this case) and evaluation of the results based on a Gaussian distribution; multivariate statistical methods, including cluster and factor analysis. Statistical data processing was conducted using STATISTICA 10, Stat Soft Programme, License number AGAR207F394525FA-6. Among all risk factors, statistically significant differences were found by a dieting factor when t=7.27 (р<0.0001) and t=-2.82 (р<0.0156) in cases of non-dieting assessment. According to nonparametric statistics, interquartile amplitude value (ICD) when following the diet was Me=28.8 (at 26.3-30.8) and Me=70.7 (at 60.7-71.3) in cases of not following the diet. It was found that dieting is more prevalent in women at around 30% range. Within 60-70% of the respondents regardless of gender do not follow the diet. This fact is further reflected in the frequency of dyslipidemia cases in the population. Parametric analysis revealed significant differences in the frequency of smoking, taking into account gender differences. So, 62.4% of respondents never smoked at t=4.91 (р<0.0004). Non-parametric analysis showed that 59% of respondents have never smoked with ICD value as=52.6-69.8. At the same time the maximum values for this indicator were more than 80%. Attention is drawn to the high Gaussian density, equal to 17.1. When evaluating vodka consumption at 50 -100 ml amount, the differences significance was at t=-3.56 (р<0.004). Non-parametric analysis showed that 50 -100 ml of vodka is consumed by 12% of the population with the largest ICD=7,4-12,9, and the Gaussian density value was only 5.5. The highest significance of gender differences is observed in the evaluation of work motivation. In this case, 13.3% of females state the lack of work motivation or moderate work motivation 34.5% (M=13.3, with SD=4.3±3.7 and M=34.5 with SD=15.0±12.1 respectively). Among men, this figure is at M=12.4 SD=2,9±1,9 and M=31.5 with SD=15.2±13.2, respectively. Non-parametric data on lack of motivation on a median value were 11, 1 with ICD=9.3-16.9 among females; Me=12.7 with ICD=11.5-15.0 among males and largest Gaussian density of 3.5, respectively. In the second parameter, according to nonparametric data estimation, there is a fair motivation on the median: 31.7 with ICD=18,6-51,4 among females (Gaussian density was 32.8) , and Me=33.7 with ICD=14.6-47.4 (Gaussian density 32,7) among males, respectively. Thus, it was found that the lack of work motivation in males was more pronounced than in females. When assessing moderate dissatisfaction with family relations, a gender difference in t=2.64 (р<0.0217) was revealed. Among females, M=24.6% with SD=4.5±3.3; among males M=18.4% with SD=4.1±3.1. Non-parametric analysis showed that dissatisfaction with family relations among females was Me=25.0% at ICD=20.9-26.6 (Gaussian density=5.7) and Me=19.5% at ICD=14.4-20.3 (Gaussian density=6.3) among males. Thus, higher levels of moderate dissatisfaction with family relationship are identified among women. For other indicators, there are no statistically significant gender differences are absent. The analysis, based on non-fitting criterion, proves possible impact of such risk factors as obesity, smoking, alcohol abuse (these risk factors are seen more often among younger population), marital status (especially widowers and widows), job dissatisfaction and stress, on the development of cardiovascular diseases in the population. However, high level of educational qualifications in the population allows having special courses for hypertensive individuals where technological intervention acts as a basic method of primary prevention of hypertension and its complications.