The characteristic analysis of nosocomial infections and opportunistic infections of death cases in HIV/AIDS patients

Abstract

Objective To analyze the characteristics of nosocomial infections (NI) and opportunistic infections (OI) of death cases in HIV/AIDS patients in a hospital.Method A retrospective analysis on a group of 408 HIV/AIDS death cases from Jan 2001 to Dec 2012 was conducted.Results There were 4,434 hospitalized cases with HIV/AIDS in a hospital in total and 408 cases died,the fatality rate was 9.20％.Since the introduction of free anti-viral treatment,the fatality rate of HIV/AIDS declined.49 cases of NI were found among 408 death cases,and the NI rate was 12.01％.Bacteria were the most common pathogens in NI.The most frequent infection sites were respiratory system and digestive system.The risk factors for NI were opportunistic infection of at least two sites,hospital stay over 30 days,invasive operations,CD4+T lymphocyte count lower than 200 cells/μ l and combination antibiotics administration.There were 1041 cases of OI totally.81.13％ of OI was related to death directly.Fungal infection was the most common in OI.Most of the OI occurred in lung,mouth.The AIDS defining opportunistic infections accounted for 32.08％.Conclusions Opportunistic infections involving nosocomial infections are the most important cause of death.Early diagnosis and treatment for opportunistic infections,preventing and controlling nosocomial infection is the key to improve the life quality of HIV/AIDS patients. Key words: HIV/AIDS; Death; Risk factor; Nosocomial infection; Opportunistic infection