Abstract
The use of eye movements to explore scene processing has exploded over the last decade. Eye movements provide distinct advantages when examining scene processing because they are both fast and spatially measurable. By using eye movements, researchers have investigated many questions about scene processing. Our review will focus on research performed in the last decade examining: (1) attention and eye movements; (2) where you look; (3) influence of task; (4) memory and scene representations; and (5) dynamic scenes and eye movements. Although typically addressed as separate issues, we argue that these distinctions are now holding back research progress. Instead, it is time to examine the intersections of these seemingly separate influences and examine the intersectionality of how these influences interact to more completely understand what eye movements can tell us about scene processing.
Highlights
Visual scenes are ubiquitous but complex concepts
When Rayner and Pollatsek [5] reviewed the literature on eye movements and scene perception, they felt compelled to justify the use of eye movements as a way to study the cognitive processing of scenes
Studies were demonstrating that scene representations could be formed with extremely brief presentations that were too short to allow for planning and executing eye movements [153]
Summary
Visual scenes are ubiquitous but complex concepts. Scenes are typically defined as any view of the natural world [1,2,3,4,5,6]. Because the eyes have to move from one location to the in a serial manner, eye movement data provide a temporal record of processing in addition to the spatial record This information allows researchers to identify the order that scene features are processed, potentially indicating their relative importance to the task. The serial fixation record can be examined to determine, at a more fine-grained time scale, the processing that was occurring at each point in the trial rather than on a global scale (i.e., reaction time) All of these features make eye movements an especially useful tool for studying the processing that occurs in scenes. The following section examines research into this connection with regard to scene processing
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