THE CHANGES OF LIPIDS` METABOLISM IN PATIENTS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION DEPENDING ON THE VITAMIN D RECEPTOR GENE (VDR, RS2228570) POLYMORPHISM

Abstract

Objective: The aim of the study was to analyze lipids` changes in patients with essential arterial hypertension (EAH) depending on the vitamin D receptor gene (VDR, rs2228570) polymorphism. Design and method: The study involved 100 patients suffering from EAH with target-organ damaging, moderate, high, or very high cardiovascular risk. Among them were 79.0% (79) women and 21.0% (21) men, the average age was 59.87±8.02 yo. The control group involved 60 practically healthy persons, matched by age and gender distribution. All enrolled/screened patients signed the Informed Consent to participate in the research. The VDR gene (rs2228570) polymorphism was studied by a real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. Lipids’ profile in serum was studied by total cholesterol (TC), high- and low-density cholesterol levels(HDL-C, LDL-C), triglycerides (TG) concentration, and atherogenic index (AI). Results: The levels of TC and LDL-C in AA-genotype carriers of the control group exceeded those of GG-genotype carriers by 13.85% (PGG = 0.044) and 22.59% (PGG = 0.045), and the content of HDL-C, on the contrary, was lower - by 16 .56% (PGG = 0.048). The analysis of the lipid profile, taking into account the gender distribution, showed a higher concentration of TC, due to LDL-C, in hypertensive women with AA-genotype than in those with the G-allele: according to the TC- by 7.61-14.07% (RAA<0.03), for LDL-C - by 12.78-17.39% (RAA<0.02), respectively. On the other hand, men with EAH carrying the AA-genotype, on the contrary, had lower levels of TC and LDL-C than those with the G-allele: for TC - by 20.24% (PAA = 0.02), for LDL-C - by 30.20% and 24.45% (PAA<0.04), respectively. In practically healthy carriers of the A-allele of the VDR gene (rs2228570), especially the AA-genotype, the concentrations of TC and LDL-C were within the reference values, but exceeded that in GG-genotype carriers: for TC - by 13.85% (PGG = 0.044), LDL-C - by 22.59% (PGG = 0.045), and the content of HDL-C, on the contrary, was lower - by 16.56% (PGG = 0.048). Conclusions: Thus, the polymorphic site of the VDR gene (rs2228570) is associated with an increased LDL-C in practically healthy individuals, according to the analysis of variance (ANOVA) (F = 4.61; p = 0.014).