Abstract
BackgroundAlternative N-glycosylation has significant structural and functional consequences on immunoglobulin G (IgG) and can affect immune responses, acting as a switch between pro- and anti-inflammatory IgG functionality. Studies have demonstrated that IgG N-glycosylation is associated with ageing, body mass index, type 2 diabetes and hypertension.MethodsHerein, we have demonstrated patterns of IgG glycosylation that are associated with blood lipids in a cross-sectional study including 598 Han Chinese aged 20–68 years. The IgG glycome composition was analysed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography.ResultsBlood lipids were positively correlated with glycan peak GP6, whereas they were negatively correlated with GP18 (P < 0.05/57). The canonical correlation analysis indicated that initial N-glycan structures, including GP4, GP6, GP9-12, GP14, GP17, GP18 and GP23, were significantly correlated with blood lipids, including total cholesterol, total triglycerides (TG) and low-density lipoprotein (r = 0.390, P < 0.001). IgG glycans patterns were able to distinguish patients with dyslipidaemia from the controls, with an area under the curve of 0.692 (95% confidence interval 0.644–0.740).ConclusionsOur findings indicated that a possible association between blood lipids and the observed loss of galactose and sialic acid, as well as the addition of bisecting GlcNAcs, which might be related to the chronic inflammation accompanying with the development and procession of dyslipidaemia.
Highlights
Alternative N-glycosylation has significant structural and functional consequences on immunoglobulin G (IgG) and can affect immune responses, acting as a switch between pro- and anti-inflammatory IgG functionality
Diagnosis of dyslipidaemia According to the Chinese guidelines for the prevention and control of dyslipidaemia in adults [33], the participants were grouped into cases with total cholesterol (TC) ≥ 6.2 mmol/L, TG ≥ 2.3 mmol/L, highdensity lipoprotein (HDL) < 1.0 mmol/L, or low-density lipoprotein (LDL) ≥ 4.1 mmol/L
The levels of TC, TG and LDL were positively associated with the levels of GP4 and GP6, while they were negatively correlated with the level of GP18
Summary
Alternative N-glycosylation has significant structural and functional consequences on immunoglobulin G (IgG) and can affect immune responses, acting as a switch between pro- and anti-inflammatory IgG functionality. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) plays an important role in the human immune system, and N-glycans attach to the conserved asparagine 297 in the fragment crystallizable (Fc) part of this molecule and act as a switch between pro- and anti-inflammatory IgG functionality [1, 4,5,6]. Previous studies have revealed that genetic loci associated with variation in IgG glycosylation are known risk factors for several inflammatory diseases and chronic diseases [11, 12], indicating that IgG glycosylation is not merely a result of complicated enzymatic activities, but is a subtly regulated outcome designed to meet dominant physiological needs. The mechanisms by which dyslipidaemia increase the risk of these diseases
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