The challenges of expanding recognition of prior learning (RPL) in a collectively organised skill formation system: the case of Switzerland

Abstract

ABSTRACTIn many parts of the world, recognition of prior learning (RPL) is considered to be an important means of improving access to VET qualifications. In Switzerland – the country with arguably the highest rates of company-based VET at upper secondary level – adults with work experience of at least 5 years have had the option of accessing VET qualifications at the upper secondary level through RPL for more than 10 years now. Still, today, only roughly 6 percent of adults (over 25 years) who achieve a VET qualification make use of that option. The rest either pursue a regular VET programme, or at least take the ordinary final VET exam. This article discusses the reasons underlying this slow rate of RPL expansion in Switzerland. Arguing from a historical-institutionalist perspective, the article shows how the institutional framework of mainly company-based Swiss VET and the underlying actor coalition pose substantial barriers to the expansion of RPL. Nevertheless, by comparing different rates of RPL uptake across a range of economic sectors and different parts of the country, this article brings to light some key factors that promote the expansion of RPL.