Abstract
In the teaching profession, instructional coaching is a part of Professional Development (PD) programs. Detailed systematic reviews of instructional coaching strategies are scarce, complicating the current research. Consequently, this study aims to conduct a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) regarding challenges and strategies in instructional coaching implementation to find the most effective coaching practises. The review processes include five key methodological steps, as outlined in the systematic review: formulation of Research Questions (RQs); systematic searching strategies based on 'identification', 'screening', 'eligibility', and finally 'data extraction' and 'data analysis'. Overall, eight themes were discovered based on two RQs. Under challenges, four themes stood out: (C1) organisation; (C2) teacher learning; (C3) the coaching process; and (C4) relationships. Note that the strategies of the other four themes were as follows: (S1) coaching support; (S2) roles; (S3) capacity building; and (S4) social. This review enables scholars to understand the implementation challenges and strategies better and improve the quality and effectiveness of instructional coaching.
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