Abstract
David Ussishkin proposes that the Chalcolithic temple at Ein Gedi functioned as a pilgrimage site. Based on his conclusion, this article attempts to unravel its symbolic meaning. The fence surrounding the temple is perhaps the temenos which entails behavioral transformation for the pilgrims entering the sacred ground. The two openings in the temenos may suggest a linear course of the visitors. The copper hoard discovered at the “Cave of Treasure” may be regarded as offerings and gifts given to the temple. This context implies that the concerns of the Chalcolithic visitors to the temple were life, fertility, health, resurrection, and prosperity. Interestingly, most of this symbolism continues in various forms at pilgrimage sites until today. This temple is thus an important contribution to the anthropology of pilgrimages.
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