Abstract

Analytical measurements are increasingly important to industrial quality assurance (QA) and to critical decision making in such fields as clinical, nutritional and environmental chemistry. Several factors are important to attaining analyses that are reliably accurate. Some of these include well-designed methods, trained staff, adequate instrumentation, reliable reference materials, laboratory QA procedures, and periodic proficiency testing. This paper will focus on the role of reference materials in accurate chemical analysis. Fundamental attributes of reference materials will be discussed together with details on how limits of uncertainty are established for certified values. Examples will be drawn from the results of one of the NISTs oldest biological Standard Reference Materials and two of its most recently certified SRMs. Matrices for these types of materials are very wide-ranging, including orchard leaves, river sediment and human serum.

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