Abstract
Selected ceramic samples from the archeological site of Khirbet al-Batrawy (north-central Jordan), unearthed in the “Palace of the Copper Axes” (Early Bronze Age III, 2500–2300 BC), were analyzed with the aim to address their technology. These ceramics were characterized by means of a combined use of optical microscopy (OM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) and electron microscopy (SEM–EDS). The results indicate that the main mineral inclusions are quartz and calcite, with minor amount of feldspar, pyroxene, olivine and gehlenite. Fragments of igneous and sedimentary rocks as well as grog (crushed ceramics) and fossil shells have also been identified. The mineral assemblage indicates that the maximum firing temperature of these sherds falls in the 700–850°C thermal range. The presence of hematite supports the hypothesis of an oxidizing atmosphere of firing. The occurrence of sedimentary and magmatic rocks supports a local provenance of raw materials as these rocks outcrop in the vicinity of the archeological site. Concerning the microstructure, it is established the occurrence of ceramic fabrics not identified until now at the site, suggesting that they were exclusively produced for the Palace.
Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
