Abstract
In recent years, in the conditions of the central zone of the Krasnodar region, downy mildew has become the most dangerous disease of winter false flax that affects the crop yield. Either the infected plants do not develop reproductive organs or these organs are undeveloped. The development of varieties resistant to infection by the disease causative agent allows efficient reducing the seed yield loss of winter false flax due to downy mildew without the use of chemical products. In 2015-2019, we conducted an assessment of the breeding material (528 cultivar samples) of winter false flax for resistance to downy mildew affection on a natural infection background. We determined that the causative agent of the disease is Peronospora brassicae Gaeum. f. brassicae (Gaeum.) Dzhan. We divided all cultivar samples into groups according to their resistance to the disease: immune, resistant, weakly resistant, weakly susceptible, susceptible. As a result of research, we selected 5 breeding samples (## 724, 726, 728, 730, 738) that were immune to downy mildew in the course of several years, with yield exceeding the standard variety Karat by 0.22-0.38 t/ha, and with oil content exceeding the standard by 0.2-0.5 %. We proposed to use the selected cultivar samples in the breeding process with the aim of developing new false flax varieties resistant to downy mildew.
Highlights
False flax (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz.) is a promising oil crop of the cruciferous family due to its early ripening and undemanding nature to weather conditions, which allows it to be grown in different soil and climatic conditions
The diseases of various etiologies affect winter false flax during the growth season: downy mildew, powdery mildew, Fusarium blight, white rot (the causative agent is Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary), Alternaria blight [6,7,8,9]
In April, we evaluated the affection of winter false flax breeding samples by downy mildew, when there is a wide manifestation of signs of plants infection with disease in the conditions of the central zone of the Krasnodar region
Summary
False flax (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz.) is a promising oil crop of the cruciferous family due to its early ripening and undemanding nature to weather conditions, which allows it to be grown in different soil and climatic conditions. The oil of false flax seeds is more oxistable and environmentally safe in comparison with other vegetable oils. It is increasingly used for food purposes, the production of pharmaceuticals, as well as a biofuel and high-value chemical raw materials [1,2,3,4]. The cake remaining after expression of oil from the false flax seeds is a valuable highprotein, digestible feed for farm animals. The diseases of various etiologies affect winter false flax during the growth season: downy mildew The diseases of various etiologies affect winter false flax during the growth season: downy mildew (the causative agent is Peronospora brassicae f. brassicae Gäeum), powdery mildew (the causative agent is Erysiphe communis f. brassicae Hammarl), Fusarium blight (the causative agent is the fungi of Fusarium Link genus), white rot (the causative agent is Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary), Alternaria blight (the causative agent is the fungi of Alternaria Nees genus) [6,7,8,9]
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