Abstract
In this work, we elaborate on the changes and transformations in the Israeli education system (including higher education) from Israel’s independence in 1948 to 2019. Specifically, the study places special emphasis on developments commencing in 1976 in response to the establishment of a separate administrative division for Druze and Circassian Education in the Ministry of Education, and division’s impact on the rate of youngsters who earn matriculation certificates and the number of Druze students attending higher education institutions. of the study analyzes the administrative separation of Druze education in the education system and its effect on the integration of Druze youngsters in higher education in Israel. 
 
 The current study contributes to our understanding of the development of the Druze education system as a distinct unit in the Israeli Ministry of Education. The findings of this study and its conclusions will contribute to policymakers in the Ministry of Education in general, and policymakers concerning Druze education specifically, seeking to improve educational achievements and apply the insights of the current study to other minority groups to which higher education has become increasingly accessible in recent years.
Highlights
1.1 The Education System in IsraelIsrael’s current (2020) population is 8.9 million, comprising 6.6 million Jews (74.3%), 1.878 Arabs (20.9%) and 426,000 (4.8%) non-Arab Christians, members of other religions, and atheists
The findings of this study and its conclusions will contribute to policymakers in the Ministry of Education in general, and policymakers concerning Druze education seeking to improve educational achievements and apply the insights of the current study to other minority groups to which higher education has become increasingly accessible in recent years
Israel’s higher education system underwent a revolutionary transformation beginning in the 1990s, which led to a sharp rise in the number of students in colleges and universities, the establishment of new accredited academic institutions, legislative changes, regulatory and policy changes, and changes in the general policy on the goals and missions of academic institutions (Falah, 2000)
Summary
Israel’s current (2020) population is 8.9 million, comprising 6.6 million Jews (74.3%), 1.878 Arabs (20.9%) and 426,000 (4.8%) non-Arab Christians, members of other religions, and atheists. Since 2007, the Israeli education system has been operating under the New Horizon and Courage to Change reforms, which significantly increased both teachers’ salaries and their working hours (in elementary and secondary education, teachers work 36 rather than 30 weekly hours, and 36 rather than 24 hours, respectively). These reforms were related to international standards that the education system in Israel was compelled to meet (Education at a Glance, 2007). Israel’s higher education system underwent a revolutionary transformation beginning in the 1990s, which led to a sharp rise in the number of students in colleges and universities, the establishment of new accredited academic institutions, legislative changes, regulatory and policy changes, and changes in the general policy on the goals and missions of academic institutions (Falah, 2000)
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