The case for medical management of obesity: a call for increased physician involvement.

Abstract

The United States is in the midst of an escalating epidemic of obesity. Over one-third of the adult population in the United States is currently obese and the prevalence of obesity is growing rapidly. By any criteria, obesity represents a chronic disease which is associated with a wide range of comorbidities, including coronary heart disease (CHD), Type 2 diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemias. The comorbidities of obesity are common, occurring in over 70% of individuals with a BMI of > or = 27. In addition to obesity itself, excessive accumulation of visceral abdominal fat and significant adult weight gain also represent health risks. Physicians have an important role to play in the treatment of obesity. Unfortunately, the medical community has not been involved actively enough to help stem the major epidemic of obesity occurring in the United States. This article puts forth a proposed model for the treatment of obesity in clinical practice, including obtaining the "vital signs" of obesity, recommending lifestyle measures, and instituting pharmacologic therapy when appropriate. By utilizing a chronic disease treatment model, physicians can join other health care professionals to effectively treat the chronic disease of obesity. Relatively modest weight loss, on the order of 5-10% of initial body weight can result in significant health improvements for many patients and represent an achievable goal for most obese patients.