Abstract
The impact of nasal respiration impairment on craniofacial growth and development remains a topic of interest for orthodontists in their daily encounter with mouth breathing patients. The aims of this article are to critically review the: (1) etiology of nasal obstruction, namely septal deviation, turbinate dysfunction, lymphoid tissue hypertrophy, and soft tissue alteration; (2) diagnostic methods to evaluate nasal obstruction; (3) role of mouth breathing in the development of characteristic malocclusions and associated patterns of facial growth (adenoid facies), with a focus on recent research data; (4) indications of medical and surgical treatments with the ongoing debate about removal of lymphoid tissues to avoid facial dysmorphology; (5) diagnosis and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea in growing subjects. Orthodontists play an important role in the early diagnosis of airway impairment. Early clearance of the airways, whether medically or surgically achieved, is gaining more ground between ENT specialists as they became aware of the potential effect on craniofacial development.
Published Version
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Disclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.