The carbon neutrality feasibility of worldwide and in China's transportation sector by E-car and renewable energy sources before 2060

Abstract

Fuel cars are the major contributor with 41 % released emissions, which is about 7.3 billion metric tons (BMt) of CO2 produced in 2020 by the international transportation sector. The most significant polluted regions are U.S.A with 0.731BMt, China with 0.545BMt, and Europe with 0.437BMt of CO2 emissions annually. The four provinces of China named Guangdong, Shandong, Jiangsu, and Henan releases considerable CO2 emissions due to the enormous number of F-cars. This paper discusses the reason of banning F-car, fossil fuel and introduce of E-car and renewable energy as fuel for mitigation of carbon emission in transport sector. Chinese government set the goal and promotion policies for manufacturing companies and consumers for E-car promotion such as tax exemption, innovation technologies for high-range cars, financial support, charging pile construction, free parking, and fewer traffic restriction, etc., are assisting to encourage buyer and help to achieve the target of CO2 reduction by 2060. Consequently, the Li-ion and SSBs batteries are more efficient to use in E-cars and eco-friendly than other battery types. The bottom-up accounting framework analysis reflects the results of all national quick response policies and indicated the mitigation of CO2 emissions from global were decreased from 2.6BMt to 0.006BMt 2010 to 2060, and use of non-renewable energy sources decline from 55 % to 4 % while use of renewable energy sources rises from 42 % to 93 % from 2030 to 2060 due to launching E-cars and devised policies. This research helps to understand the prospects of policies and changes in energy sources to meet the target of CO2 mitigation from transportation sector globally and in China.