Abstract
Simple SummaryMilk production is one of the most important economic traits in dairy cattle. Therefore, determining the genomic regions influencing this trait can improve milk yield. In this study, we collected data from 16 articles associated with milk yield genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on different cattle breeds. Based on the information from the analysis and level of significance (p-value < 2.5 × 10−6), we identified different genomic regions on chromosomes with the highest marker density, markers with the highest effect, genes within or near these regions, chromosomes with the greatest effects on milk yield.Milk yield (MY) is highly heritable and an economically important trait in dairy livestock species. To increase power to detect candidate genomic regions for this trait, we carried out a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS). In the present study, we identified 19 studies in PubMed for the meta-analysis. After review of the studies, 16 studies passed the filters for meta-analysis, and the number of chromosomes, detected markers and their positions, number of animals, and p-values were extracted from these studies and recorded. The final data set based on 16 GWAS studies had 353,698 cows and 3950 markers and was analyzed using METAL software. Our findings revealed 1712 significant (p-value < 2.5 × 10−6) genomic loci related to MY, with markers associated with MY found on all autosomes and sex chromosomes and the majority of them found on chromosome 14. Furthermore, gene ontology (GO) annotation was used to explore biological functions of the genes associated with MY; therefore, different regions of this chromosome may be suitable as genomic regions for further research into gene expression.
Highlights
Milk is an important natural source of nutrients for the growth of newborn mammals
Gene ontology (GO) annotation was used to explore biological functions of the genes associated with Milk yield (MY); different regions of this chromosome may be suitable as genomic regions for further research into gene expression
The ultimate goal of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) is to identify the dependency between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and a trait using high-density markers at the genome surface to detect causative mutations that affect the phenotype of a trait [1]
Summary
Milk is an important natural source of nutrients for the growth of newborn mammals. Different methods have been applied to detect genetic factors affecting milk production in dairy cattle, the most recent of which is genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The ultimate goal of GWAS is to identify the dependency between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and a trait using high-density markers at the genome surface to detect causative mutations that affect the phenotype of a trait [1]. GWAS has become an important source for generating novel hypotheses in the field of Animals 2022, 12, 582. Aprmoveetas-satnatailsytisciaslbpyocwoemrbainndinagccduartaacaynodf reesstiumltastoesf d[4i,f5fe].rMenettrae-saenaarlcyhsiismispbroevcoems sitnagtiasnticianlpcorewaesrinagnldy aimccpuorartcaynotftoesotliminaGteWs [A4,S5]s.tMudeiteas-aonfacloymsispilsexbegceonmetiincgdainseianscerseaasnidngtlryaiitms p[6o]r.tTahnet taoioml ionf GthWisAstSusdtyudwieass otof cdoemtepctletxhegecnherotimc doissoemasaelsraengdiotnrsairtesla[6te].dTthoemaiilmk yoifetlhdisusstinugdymwetaastaondaleytseicst othf edicfhferroemntocsoowmablrreeegdiso.ns related to milk yield using meta-analysis of different cow breeds.
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