Abstract
ObjectiveThe cancer etiology in children and adolescents is largely different with that in adults, and the description in epidemiology still remains deficiency. Therefore, we described the cancer incidence and related epidemiological features in children and adolescents to provide clues for etiological studies.MethodsCancer incidence stratified by age, gender, and areas was calculated using data extracted from population‐based cancer registries in Henan Province, China. All cancer among children aged 0‐19 years were reclassified according to category criteria of the International Classification of Childhood Cancer, 3rd Edition (ICCC‐3). Age‐standardized rate (WSR) was calculated using Segi's world standardized population by the direct method, and it was expressed per million person‐years.ResultsThe crude cancer incidence and mortality were 87.56 and 36.32 per million person‐years among children aged 0‐19 years, and the WSRs slightly changed compared with crude incidence and mortality, and they were 87.36 and 35.46 per million person‐years. Leukemia and central nervous system neoplasms (CNS) were the most common cancer categories both in children aged 0‐14 years and in adolescents aged 15‐19 years in regardless of gender and areas. Tiny difference of incidence and mortality existed in different age groups across 0‐14 years; however, they were higher in adolescents aged 15‐19 years than that in children aged 0‐14 years. Among children aged 0‐19 years, the cancer incidence and mortality were predominant in boys, and the sex ratio was 1.19; however, it was varied by diagnostic categories.ConclusionThis is the first study that described the cancer incidence and mortality among children aged 0‐19 in Henan Province, and it would help researchers to understand the burden and epidemiological characteristics of childhood cancer, and hence suggested clues for the etiological studies.
Highlights
Childhood cancer refers to cancer that occurs in children aged 0‐19 years old.[1,2] According to GLOBOCAN 2018, the childhood cancer usually accounted for 1% of the total cancer,[3] and the incidence ranging from 50 to 180 per million person‐years with the highest value in Southern Europe, and the lowest value in sub‐Saharan Africa.[1,3] the cancer incidence in children and adolescents was low, the diagnosis of cancer is a life‐altering event for them as well as their families
Our study provided the cancer incidence in children and adolescents stratified by gender, age groups, and geographic areas, and it would help to learn about the burden of cancer in this age group and provide clues for the etiologic studies
This study observed that the overall World Segi’s standardized population (WSR) of cancer incidence among children aged 0‐19 in Henan Province was 87.56 per million person‐years in 2010‐2014, which was among the low incidence areas around the world
Summary
Childhood cancer refers to cancer that occurs in children aged 0‐19 years old.[1,2] According to GLOBOCAN 2018, the childhood cancer usually accounted for 1% of the total cancer,[3] and the incidence ranging from 50 to 180 per million person‐years with the highest value in Southern Europe, and the lowest value in sub‐Saharan Africa.[1,3] the cancer incidence in children and adolescents was low, the diagnosis of cancer is a life‐altering event for them as well as their families.
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