Abstract
The version of the text that is referred to in this essay is the one translated by Maryam Loutfi and edited by Abdou Filali-Ansary. Constructivist approach is applied in analyzing ‘Abd Al-Rāziq's views on the caliphate and governance to determine the process by which the caliphate has evolved throughout history and its applicability in the modern state system. Following the argument that the caliphate is not divinely ordained, it is instructive to discuss the concept of caliphate as a social construct which evolved as a product of intersubjective awareness among actors during its time. In reviving the caliphate, ISIS is using history and strong religious and cultural symbolisms to justify its aims. The caliphate is not the sole realization of Islamic ideals for Muslims are free to establish the form of government that suits them.
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