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Abstract
Bystander effects following exposure to α-particles have been observedin C3H 10T 1/2cells and in other experimental systems, and imply that linearly extrapolatinglow-dose risks from high-dose data might materially underestimate risk. Theratio of lung cancer risk among persons exposed to low and high doses ofradon daughters is 2.4–4.0, with an upper 95% confidence limit (CL) ofabout 14. Assuming that the bystander effect observed in the C3H 10T 1/2data applies to human lung cells in vivo, the epidemiological dataimply that the number of neighbouring cells that can contribute to thebystander effect is between 0 and 1, with an upper 95% CL of about7. As a consequence, the bystander effect observed in the C3H 10T 1/2 systemprobably does not play a large part in the process of radon-induced lung carcinogenesisin humans. Other experimental data relating to the bystander effect after α-particleexposure are surveyed; some of these data are more compatible with theepidemiological data.
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