The Burden of Post-Stroke Depression and Anxiety Among Stroke Patients Admitted to Tertiary Care Teaching Hospitals of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

Abstract

Background: Stroke, a leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide, is often accompanied by post-stroke depression (PSD) and anxiety, significantly impacting the quality of life of survivors. In Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, there is a notable prevalence of stroke-related complications, influenced by factors like obesity, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. Objective: This study aimed to determine the frequency of PSD and anxiety among stroke patients admitted to tertiary care hospitals in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, with a focus on understanding the distribution of these conditions among different demographic groups. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted over six months (March 2021 - August 2021). Participants included both genders, aged above 18, who were victims of acute post-stroke events, and capable of communication. The sample size of 109 was calculated using Raosoft software. Data collection employed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and SPSS version 25 was used for data analysis. Descriptive statistics, histograms, pie charts, and tables were utilized for data representation. Results: The study revealed that 63.3% of participants suffered from depression and 83.5% from anxiety. Of these, 46.8% scored in the 'abnormal' range for anxiety, and 42.2% for depression. Females constituted 54.13% of the participants, while 45.87% were males. Hemorrhagic stroke (51.85%) was more common than ischemic stroke (48.15%). Conclusion: The high prevalence of PSD and anxiety among stroke patients in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa necessitates the incorporation of comprehensive mental health care in stroke rehabilitation programs. Tailored interventions addressing PSD and anxiety are crucial for improving patient outcomes.