THE BULBOUS FORMS OF INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDS OF ALLIUM, THEIR CREATION AND EVALUATION

Abstract

The paper presents the stages of creating bulbous forms between A. cepa L. and A. Vavilovii Pop. et Vved. through hybridization, in vitro embryo culture, backrossing, inbreeding and cross-breeding. As object of research were considered inbred progeny I 1-5 from BC 1-2 F 5 combinations of crossing of A. cepa x A. Vavilovii. The parent species A. cepa L. of the onion variety Odintsovets was the standard. In plants of the first year of vegetation studied signs: the color of dry scales of the bulb, the weight of the bulb, the index of the bulb shape and the number of leaves. Phytopathological assessment of onion plants for resistance to downy mildew (peronosporosis) was carried out. In the progeny of interspecies hybrids plants were aligned on the color of the bulb (yellow and brownish). The average weight of the bulb varied from 33.5 to 92.3 g in generations I 1-5 from ВС 1 , and in generations I 1-5 from ВС 2 it varied from 22.1 to 93.6 g. plants of bulbous forms had a flat bulb (I=0.6-0.7). Only plants from the progeny I3 and I5 from BC 2 formed rounded-flat bulbs (I=0,8-0,9). The number of leaves in bulbous plants in the progeny varied on average from 5.3 to 7.1 PCs. The score of peronosporosis was low and medium (0.5-1.0). Was selected form of inbred progenies of I 1-5 from BC 1-2 with a dense bulb is flat and round-flat shape, which combined a relatively high resistance to downy mildew with a mature bulb is capable of storing.