Abstract

AbstractBroomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) is arguably the most influential crop in the ancient world, having been domesticated at least 7900 years ago on the Loess Plateau of Northern China. Up to 2000 years ago, broomcorn millet serves as a staple crop in the continent of Eurasia. The unique properties of broomcorn millet, including extremely high water-use efficiency (WUE), short life cycle, and good thermotolerance, make it a favorable crop in the first several millenniums of human agriculture. The cultivation of broomcorn millet gradually declined due to the historical rise of wheat and rice. To date, China remains one of the largest producers of broomcorn millet, but its traditional production area has been declining in favor of better-yielding and higher-income crops such as corn. Two chromosome-scale genome assemblies of broomcorn millet have been published using mainly the single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing technology. We describe the basic characteristics of the broomcorn millet genome, which in combination with a high-density genetic map will serve as valuable resources for breeders and researchers interested in this underutilized crop.

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