Abstract
New Electric Balances, by Sir William Thomson, F.R.S.—These balances are founded On the mutual forces, discovered by Ampère, between the fixed and movable portions of an electric circuit. The mutually-influencing portions are usually circular rings. Circular coils or rings are fixed, with their planes horizontal, to the ends of the beam of a balance, and are each acted on by two horizontal fixed rings placed one above and the other below the movable ring. Six grades of instrument are made, named centi-ampere, deci-ampere, ampere, deca-ampere, hecto-ampere, and kilo-ampere balance. The range of each balance is about 25. Thus, the centi-ampere balance will measure currents of from 2 to 50 centi-amperes, while the kilo-ampere balance will measure currents of from 100 to 2500 amperes. Since the indications of the instrument depend on the mutual forces between two parts of an electric circuit of permanent form and relative position, they are not subject to the changes with time which are so troublesome in instruments the constants of which depend on the strength of permanent magnets.
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