Abstract
From an animal health perspective, relatively little is known about the typical or healthy ranges of concentrations for many metabolites in bovine biofluids and tissues. Here, we describe the results of a comprehensive, quantitative metabolomic characterization of six bovine biofluids and tissues, including serum, ruminal fluid, liver, Longissimus thoracis (LT) muscle, semimembranosus (SM) muscle, and testis tissues. Using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS), and inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP–MS), we were able to identify and quantify more than 145 metabolites in each of these biofluids/tissues. Combining these results with previous work done by our team on other bovine biofluids, as well as previously published literature values for other bovine tissues and biofluids, we were able to generate quantitative reference concentration data for 2100 unique metabolites across five different bovine biofluids and seven different tissues. These experimental data were combined with computer-aided, genome-scale metabolite inference techniques to add another 48,628 unique metabolites that are biochemically expected to be in bovine tissues or biofluids. Altogether, 51,801 unique metabolites were identified in this study. Detailed information on these 51,801 unique metabolites has been placed in a publicly available database called the Bovine Metabolome Database.
Highlights
The cattle industry is among the most significant agri-food sectors in the world
This section is divided into four subsections covering: (1) experimental metabolomics results; (2) literature review results; (3) a comparative assessment between different tissues, biofluids, and platforms; and (4) a detailed description of the Bovine Metabolome Database (BMDB)
This paper identified and quantified 972 metabolites (296 metabolites were experimentally detected and 676 were found from the literature) found in bovine milk using a combination of liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS)/MS, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP–MS) and literature reviews [13]
Summary
It has been estimated that the global beef industry is worth more than CAD 300 billion/year [1] and is responsible for producing and processing > 70 million tonnes/year of meat [2]. The global dairy industry is worth > CAD 650 billion/year [3] and produces more than 800 million tonnes/year of milk or milk products [4], with more than 80% of those products coming from dairy cows [5]. Beef or beef products as well as milk and milk products are rich and dense sources of vital nutrients. They are nutritionally important food staples for hundreds of millions of people around the world. While the macronutrient (protein, fat, etc.) content of beef and milk is well known and has been studied for many decades, somewhat less is known about the micronutrient and chemical composition of key bovine biofluids and tissues [8,12,13]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
