Abstract
AbstractThis article examines the dissimilation of Guadeloupean citizens of color in the early twentieth century and their marginalization within the French republic. Focusing on the “troubles” in Guadeloupe and the scandals surrounding the black deputy Hégésippe Jean Légitimus, the author shows how Guadeloupeans were gradually excluded from full citizenship. These incidents reveal a key moment in the construction of race in the early Third Republic and, above all, the consolidation of an imperial form of republicanism based on difference and political exclusion in the period prior to World War I.« L'affaire Dreyfus de la race noire » examine la dissimilation et la marginalisation des citoyens de couleur guadeloupéens au début du vingtième siècle. Cet article explique comment les « troubles » en Guadeloupe et les scandales entourant son député noir, Hégésippe Jean Légitimus, ont entraîné l'exclusion des Guadeloupéens des droits de citoyenneté. Ces incidents, je soutiens, révèlent un moment clé dans la construction d'idées raciales pendant la Troisième République et surtout, la consolidation d'une forme impériale de républicanisme fondée sur la différence et l'exclusion dans les années avant la Première Guerre mondiale.
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