Abstract
Bioconcentration, depuration, and biotransformation of molinate in striped bass ( Morone saxatilis) were studied in a flow-through metabolism system. When compared to static conditions, flowing water improved oxygenation, decreased volatilization and remetabolism and, run through a macroreticular resin, improved waste-product collection. Metabolite identification and quantitation employed high-pressure liquid chromatography; gradient elution optimized peak resolution and minimized analysis time. Exposure of juvenile fish to 100 μg·1 −1 [ring- 14C]molinate for 24 h resulted in a bioconcentration factor of 25.3 and a 14C total concentration factor of 30.9 (in molinate molar equivalents). After 24-h depuration, 90.47% of the absorbed 14C had been excreted; metabolites accounted for 19.20% of the depurated and 7.92% of the retained 14C. The identified metabolites included molinate sulfoxide, carboxymolinate, 4-hydroxymolinate, molinate mercapturic acid, 4-ketomolinate, and hexahydroazepine. While molinate is highly toxic to Japanese carp ( Cyprinus carpio var. Yamato Koi), sulfoxidation, followed by glutathione conjugation and/or rapid depuration, may effectively reduce the toxicity of molinate to striped bass.
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