Abstract
River Ona, Apata, Ibadan is a water body used for a lot of domestic purposes. In this study the physicochemical properties of River Ona and tap water were determined as well as their effects on liver and kidney of albino rats. The heamotological parameters were also studied. Thirty albino rats used for this study were grouped into five. Rats in group 1 served as control and were administered tap water ad-libitum, while rats in groups 2-5 were administered River Ona water in varying concentrations (25% v /v, 50% v /v, 75% v /v and 100% v /v) for 20 days. The physicochemical test results revealed that the colour, turbidity, total dissolved solids, chloride were significantly (p<0.05) higher than the W.H.O. standards while pH, sulphate, magnesium, copper were significantly (p<0.05) lower, manganese and cadmium were not detectable. A significant increase in the specific activity of Alkaline phosphatase relative to the control was observed. Whereas a significant (p< 0.05) decrease in the specific activity of Alanine transaminase, the concentrations of Heamoglobin, Pack Cell Volume, Red Blood Cell, Mean Cell Volume, White Blood Cell, Platelets, Neutrophils and Lymphocytes was observed. These results suggest that the use and intake of water obtained from River Ona may predispose the liver and kidney to damage; also it might lead to compromised immune system.
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