Abstract
The biological effects and toxicity of two microbial insecticides derived from Bacillus thuringiensis Berhiner (MVPa and MVPc) and four botanical extracts (Kochia indica, Curcuma zedoaria, Zygophyllum simplex and Sorghum bicolor) were studied on 6th instar larvae of Spodoptera littoralis. The bioinsecticide MVPc and the botanical extract Z. simplex were the most toxic agents of all tested materials. Larval mortality percentages and that of larvae which failed to pupate increased by increasing concentrations. In addition, pupation percentages and emerged adults increased by increasing concentrations of the tested treatments. Morphological deformities were increased by increasing concentrations, which was observed in the stages of pupae and adults produced from the survived treated larvae.
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