Abstract
The study of the effect of the strains of the fungus Trichoderma: Trichoderma atrobrunneum VKPM F-1434, Trichoderma harzianum 5/14, Trichoderma Lixii T4/14 on the number of micromycetes populations of the pathogenic fungi Fusarium oxysporum isolate B/14, Fusarium oxysporum isolate MOS509, Fysarium oxysporum isolate IMI58289 in vitro. It was found that the Trichoderma atrobrunneum fungus strain VKPM F-1434 showed the highest degree of inhibition on 10 days of cultivation with phytopathogenic microorganisms, which was 100 %. The study revealed that all Trichoderma species are capable of producing lytic enzymes. Trichoderma atrobrunneum strain VKPM F-1434 exhibits strong lipase and chitinase activity and average proteinase activity. In addition, Trichoderma atrobrunneum strain VKPM F-1434 has a growth-promoting ability, which was reflected in the germination of seeds of cucumber “German F1”. The maximum values of indicators of germination energy were noted – 98.4 % and germination – 100 %.
Highlights
Fusarium is one of the most harmful and widespread diseases of agricultural plants in the world caused by soil phytopathogenic fungi, including representatives of the genus Fusarium
The aim of this study was to assess the effect of Trichoderma atrobrunneum exemetabolites VKPM F-1434 and other related strains of microorganisms against fungi of the Fusarium genus, followed by assessment of their effect on the growth and development of cucumber seeds in vitro and in vivo
We used live cultures of Trichoderma fungi: Trichoderma atrobrunneum VKPM F-1434, Trichoderma harzianum 5/14, Trichoderma Lixii T4/14; phytopathogenic fungi of the genus Fusarium: Fusarium oxysporum B/14, Fusarium oxysporum MOS509, Fusarium fujikuroi IMI 58289 from the academic collection of the department of biotechnology of the Oryol state agrarian University, for a long time stored in the refrigerator at a temperature of +4о
Summary
Fusarium is one of the most harmful and widespread diseases of agricultural plants in the world caused by soil phytopathogenic fungi, including representatives of the genus Fusarium. The biological protection of plants from pathogens of Fusarium infections is becoming increasingly important in the production of greenhouse cucumber (Cucumis sativus). Fusarium wilt of a cucumber (tracheomycosis) according to many authors, the disease causes death on average up to 10-15 %, and in some years up to 65 % of cucumber plants. It is possible to successfully reduce the rate of wilting of plants caused by fungi of the genus Fusarium, possibly using antagonistic microorganisms such as Bacillus, Enterobacter, and Pseudomonas, which are the main root colonizers and can stimulate plant protection [3]
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