Abstract
Acanthamoeba are a free-living protozoan whose pathogenic strain can cause severe human diseases, such as granulomatous encephalitis and keratitis. As such, the pathogenic mechanism between humans and Acanthamoeba is still unknown. In our previous study, we identified the secreted Acanthamoeba M28 aminopeptidase (M28AP) and then suggested that M28AP can degrade human C3b and iC3b for inhibiting the destruction of Acanthamoeba spp. with the human immune response. We constructed the produced the recombinant M28AP from a CHO cell, which is a mammalian expression system, to characterize the biochemical properties of Acanthamoeba M28AP. The recombinant M28AP more rapidly hydrolyzed Leu-AMC than Arg-AMC and could be inhibited by EDTA treatment. We show that recombinant M28AP can be delivered into the individual cell line and cause cell line apoptosis in a co-culture model. In conclusion, we successfully investigated the potential molecular characteristics of M28AP.
Highlights
Acanthamoeba spp. is a free-living pathogenic protozoan that causes severe sight-threatening infection, such as granulomatous amoebic encephalitis (GAE) and Acanthamoeba keratitis [1,2].Acanthamoeba spp. is widely distributed in the environment, including in lakes, pools, soil, and dust [3].The Acanthamoeba spp. life cycle includes both motile trophozoites and dormant cysts
We identified a novel protein that was secreted by Acanthamoeba spp., an M28 aminopeptidase (M28AP), as a target of the human innate immune defense [25,26]
The results show that no significant change occurred in the cell coverage area between the corneal epithelial cells that were co-incubated six hours with the Acanthamoeba spp. and control (Figure 1A_a,b)
Summary
Acanthamoeba spp. is a free-living pathogenic protozoan that causes severe sight-threatening infection, such as granulomatous amoebic encephalitis (GAE) and Acanthamoeba keratitis [1,2].Acanthamoeba spp. is widely distributed in the environment, including in lakes, pools, soil, and dust [3].The Acanthamoeba spp. life cycle includes both motile trophozoites and dormant cysts. Acanthamoeba spp. is a free-living pathogenic protozoan that causes severe sight-threatening infection, such as granulomatous amoebic encephalitis (GAE) and Acanthamoeba keratitis [1,2]. Acanthamoeba spp. is widely distributed in the environment, including in lakes, pools, soil, and dust [3]. The Acanthamoeba spp. life cycle includes both motile trophozoites and dormant cysts. Free-living amoebae, such as Naegleria spp., Sappinia spp., Acanthamoeba spp., and Balamuthia spp., are known to cause fatal human central nervous system (CNS) infections. Acanthamoeba spp. infecting the human CNS may result in GAE through the blood–brain barrier [6]. Acanthamoeba spp. causes the amoebae invasion of the alveolar blood vessels through the respiratory tract. A previous a case report showed that GAE was caused by Acanthamoeba spp. in a patient with kidney transplant [7]
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