The Bioactivity of Indonesian Fermented Rice Bran

Abstract

Abstract Objectives The objective of these studies was to evaluate the functional profile of fermented rice bran (FRB). Two types of rice bran (Inpari 30 and Cempo Ireng) were fermented using Rhizopus oryzae, R. oligosporus, and its combination for 48, 72, and 96 h, respectively. Methods The total phenolic content (TPC) was analyzed using the Folin-Ciocalteau method and antioxidant activity was observed by measuring DPPH free radical scavenging activity. Non-targeted analysis of samples was carried out by Ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization in positive ion mode and in-vivo experiment by using stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP). Results Our results show that FRB enhances TPC and antioxidant capacity. Seventy-two non-volatile compounds were identified in fermented and non-fermented rice bran, classified into secondary metabolites, lipids, amino acids, vitamins and cofactors, peptides, nucleotides, and carbohydrates. Furthermore, systolic blood pressure-lowering activity was shown in Inpari 30 fermented rice bran in SHRSP. Conclusions These studies may provide opportunities to promote the production of FRB as a functional ingredient with enhanced bioactivity. Funding Sources Ministry Research and Technology/BRIN RI and JSPS.